Proceedings of International Conference on Applied Innovation in IT
2026/03/31, Volume 14, Issue 1, pp.557-562

Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Oxide-Titanium Dioxide One-Dimensional Composites for Photocatalysis


Aseel Adnan Ouda and Firas Kamil Mohamad


Abstract: In the present paper, efficient and low-cost metal oxide systems, such as one-dimensional (1D) CuO/TiO2 submicro-composites, were synthesized via a two-step polyol-mediated solvothermal process. Titanium(IV) isopropoxide and copper(II) nitrate trihydrate were used as precursors. The CuO/TiO2 composites were prepared by varying the CuO loading (1 and 3 wt.%) and calcined at 450 °C for three hours. The effect of CuO doping on the structural and morphological properties of TiO2 was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The structural findings for all the prepared samples showed anatase with a tetragonal crystal structure. The morphological image confirmed that the TiO2 and CuO dopant nanoparticles bound together, forming a nano-rise-like structure. The results showed that the length of the CuO/TiO2 composite decreased with increasing weight percentage. The CuO/TiO2 composite at 1 wt.% exhibited the optimal average length and diameter of 2.902 µm and 0.406 µm, respectively, compared to the 3 wt.% composite. According to these findings, the obtained TiO2-doped CuO can be used as a binary metal oxide for visible-light photocatalytic applications.

Keywords: Micro-Rise-Like Structure, Composite, Polyol Method, CuO/TiO2.

DOI: Under indexing

Download: PDF

References:

  1. S. Bbumba, C. Arum, M. Kigozi, I. Karume, H. Nsamba, I. Kiganda, M. Murungi, J. Ssekatawa, R. Nazziwa, and C. Yikii, “Modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles for photocatalytic splitting of water and its application in environmental remediation as a potential alternative,” Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences, vol. 14, pp. 60–73, 2024.
  2. Z. Guo, F. Ambrosio, W. Chen, P. Gono, and A. Pasquarello, “Alignment of redox levels at semiconductor–water interfaces,” Chemistry of Materials, vol. 30, pp. 94–111, 2018.
  3. S. Khan, M. Zapata, D. Baptista, R. Gonçalves, J. Fernandes, J. Dupont, M. Santos, and S. Teixeira, “Effect of oxygen content on the photoelectrochemical activity of crystallographically preferred oriented porous Ta₃N₅ nanotubes,” The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, vol. 119, pp. 19906–19914, 2015.
  4. A. Machín, K. Fontánez, J. Arango, D. Ortiz, J. León, S. Pinilla, V. Nicolosi, F. Petrescu, C. Morant, and F. Márquez, “One-dimensional (1D) nanostructured materials for energy applications,” Materials, vol. 14, p. 2609, 2021.
  5. Z. Zhao, J. Tian, Y. Sang, A. Cabot, and H. Liu, “Structure, synthesis, and applications of TiO₂ nanobelts,” Advanced Materials, vol. 27, pp. 2557–2582, 2015.
  6. W. Buraso, V. Lachom, P. Siriya, and P. Laokul, “Synthesis of TiO₂ nanoparticles via a simple precipitation method and photocatalytic performance,” Materials Research Express, vol. 5, p. 115003, 2018.
  7. H. Zhou, X. Sheng, J. Xiao, Z. Ding, D. Wang, X. Zhang, J. Liu, R. Wu, X. Feng, and L. Jiang, “Increasing the efficiency of photocatalytic reactions via surface microenvironment engineering,” Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 142, pp. 2738–2743, 2020.
  8. S. Ullah, E. Neto, A. Khan, I. Medeiros, and H. Wender, “Supported nanostructured photocatalysts: the role of support–photocatalyst interactions,” Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences, vol. 22, pp. 219–240, 2023.
  9. Z. Hosseini, F. Haghparast, A. Masoudi, and A. Mortezaali, “Enhanced visible photocatalytic performance of undoped TiO₂ nanoparticle thin films through modifying the substrate surface roughness,” Materials Chemistry and Physics, vol. 279, p. 125530, 2022.
  10. F. Irfan, M. Tanveer, M. Moiz, S. Husain, and M. Ramzan, “TiO₂ as an effective photocatalyst: mechanisms, applications, and dopants: a review,” The European Physical Journal B, vol. 95, p. 184, 2022.
  11. T. Natarajan, V. Mozhiarasi, and R. Tayade, “Nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (N–TiO₂): synopsis of synthesis methodologies, doping mechanisms, property evaluation and visible light photocatalytic applications,” Photochem, vol. 1, pp. 371–410, 2021.
  12. A. Kumar, P. Choudhary, A. Kumar, P. Camargo, and V. Krishnan, “Recent advances in plasmonic photocatalysis based on TiO₂ and noble metal nanoparticles for energy conversion, environmental remediation, and organic synthesis,” Small, vol. 18, p. 2101638, 2022.
  13. J. Jeon, D. Kweon, B. Jang, M. Ju, and J. Baek, “Enhancing the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ catalysts,” Advanced Sustainable Systems, vol. 4, p. 2000197, 2020.
  14. T. Ravishankar, M. Vaz, T. Ramakrishnappa, S. Teixeira, J. Dupont, R. Pai, and G. Banuprakash, “The heterojunction effect of Pd on TiO₂ for visible light photocatalytic hydrogen generation via water splitting reaction and photodecolorization of trypan blue dye,” Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 29, pp. 11132–11143, 2018.
  15. N. Ibrahim, W. Leaw, D. Mohamad, S. Alias, and H. Nur, “A critical review of metal-doped TiO₂ and its structure–physical properties–photocatalytic activity relationship in hydrogen production,” International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 45, pp. 28553–28565, 2020.
  16. P. Ribao, J. Corredor, M. Rivero, and I. Ortiz, “Role of reactive oxygen species on the activity of noble metal-doped TiO₂ photocatalysts,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 372, pp. 45–51, 2019.
  17. T. Ravishankar, M. Vaz, S. Khan, T. Ramakrishnappa, S. Teixeira, G. Balakrishna, G. Nagaraju, and J. Dupont, “Enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production from Y₂O₃/TiO₂ nanocomposites: a comparative study on hydrothermal synthesis with and without an ionic liquid,” New Journal of Chemistry, vol. 40, pp. 3578–3587, 2016.
  18. D. Yu, L. Xu, H. Zhang, J. Li, W. Wang, L. Yang, X. Jiang, and B. Zhao, “A new semiconductor-based SERS substrate with enhanced charge collection and improved carrier separation: CuO/TiO₂ pn heterojunction,” Chinese Chemical Letters, vol. 34, p. 107771, 2023.
  19. L. Gnanasekaran, R. Pachaiappan, P. Kumar, T. Hoang, S. Rajendran, D. Durgalakshmi, M. Moscoso, L. Cornejo-Ponce, and F. Gracia, “Visible light driven exotic p-(CuO)–n-(TiO₂) heterojunction for the photodegradation of 4-chlorophenol and antibacterial activity,” Environmental Pollution, vol. 287, p. 117304, 2021.
  20. J. Brito, F. Tavella, C. Genovese, C. Ampelli, M. Zanoni, G. Centi, and S. Perathoner, “Role of CuO in the modification of the photocatalytic water splitting behavior of TiO₂ nanotube thin films,” Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, vol. 224, pp. 136–145, 2018.
  21. P. Hajipour, A. Eslami, A. Bahrami, A. Abari, F. Saber, R. Mohammadi, and M. Mehr, “Surface modification of TiO₂ nanoparticles with CuO for visible-light antibacterial applications and photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics,” Ceramics International, vol. 47, pp. 33875–33885, 2021.
  22. D. Lu, O. Zelekew, A. Abay, Q. Huang, X. Chen, and Y. Zheng, “Synthesis and photocatalytic activities of a CuO/TiO₂ composite catalyst using aquatic plants with accumulated copper as a template,” RSC Advances, vol. 9, pp. 2018–2025, 2019.
  23. A. A’srai, M. Razali, K. Amin, and U. Osman, “CuO/TiO₂ nanocomposite photocatalyst for efficient MO degradation,” Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures, vol. 18, 2023.
  24. Y. Li, “Electrochemical photocatalytic degradation of brilliant blue FCF as food dye by CuO–TiO₂ nanocomposite under visible and UV-light irradiations,” International Journal of Electrochemical Science, vol. 16, p. 210928, 2021.
  25. Q. Zhuang, K. Shi, J. Wang, H. Zhou, P. Zhao, and Y. Lou, “Revolutionizing pollution control with innovative CuO@TiO₂ nanocomposite for enhanced photocatalytic degradation and antimicrobial efficacy,” Surfaces and Interfaces, vol. 55, p. 105410, 2024.
  26. Y. Mingmongkol, D. Trinh, D. Channei, W. Khanitchaidecha, and A. Nakaruk, “Decomposition of dye pigment via photocatalysis process using CuO–TiO₂ nanocomposite,” Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 47, pp. 3441–3444, 2021.
  27. Y. Yu, Y. Chen, and Z. Cheng, “Microwave-assisted synthesis of rod-like CuO/TiO₂ for high-efficiency photocatalytic hydrogen evolution,” International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 40, pp. 15994–16000, 2015.
  28. M. Rabiei, A. Palevicius, A. Monshi, S. Nasiri, A. Vilkauskas, and G. Janusas, “Comparing methods for calculating nanocrystal size of natural hydroxyapatite using X-ray diffraction,” Nanomaterials, vol. 10, p. 1627, 2020.
  29. T. Raguram and K. Rajni, “Synthesis and analysis of structural, optical, morphological, photocatalytic and magnetic properties of TiO₂ and doped (Ni and Cu) TiO₂ nanoparticles by sol–gel technique,” Applied Physics A, vol. 125, pp. 1–11, 2019.
  30. L. Isa, “Synthesis and characterization of structural nanocomposite titanium dioxide copper-doped using the impregnation method,” Spektra: Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya, vol. 5, pp. 21–30, 2020.
  31. K. Prajapat, U. Mahajan, M. Dhonde, K. Sahu, and P. Shirage, “Synthesis and characterization of TiO₂ nanoparticles: unraveling the influence of copper doping on structural, surface morphology, and optical properties,” Chemical Physics Impact, vol. 8, p. 100607, 2024.


    HOME

       - Conference
       - Journal
       - Paper Submission to Conference
       - Paper Submission to Journal
       - Fee Payment
       - For Authors
       - For Reviewers
       - Important Dates
       - Conference Committee
       - Editorial Board
       - Reviewers
       - Last Proceeding


    PROCEEDINGS

       - Volume 14, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2026)
       - Volume 13, Issue 5 (ICAIIT 2025)
       - Volume 13, Issue 4 (ICAIIT 2025)
       - Volume 13, Issue 3 (ICAIIT 2025)
       - Volume 13, Issue 2 (ICAIIT 2025)
       - Volume 13, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2025)
       - Volume 12, Issue 2 (ICAIIT 2024)
       - Volume 12, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2024)
       - Volume 11, Issue 2 (ICAIIT 2023)
       - Volume 11, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2023)
       - Volume 10, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2022)
       - Volume 9, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2021)
       - Volume 8, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2020)
       - Volume 7, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2019)
       - Volume 7, Issue 2 (ICAIIT 2019)
       - Volume 6, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2018)
       - Volume 5, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2017)
       - Volume 4, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2016)
       - Volume 3, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2015)
       - Volume 2, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2014)
       - Volume 1, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2013)


    LAST CONFERENCE

       ICAIIT 2026
         - Photos
         - Reports

    PAST CONFERENCES

    ETHICS IN PUBLICATIONS

    ACCOMODATION

    CONTACT US

 

        

         Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Innovations in IT by Anhalt University of Applied Sciences is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0


                                                   This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License


           ISSN 2199-8876
           Publisher: Edition Hochschule Anhalt
           Location: Anhalt University of Applied Sciences
           Email: leiterin.hsb@hs-anhalt.de
           Phone: +49 (0) 3496 67 5611
           Address: Building 01 - Red Building, Top floor, Room 425, Bernburger Str. 55, D-06366 Köthen, Germany

        site traffic counter

Creative Commons License
Except where otherwise noted, all works and proceedings on this site is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.