This study compares the dynamic characteristics of a six-storey residential building in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, using ambient vibration testing and finite element modal analysis. The building is located in a high seismic hazard zone, which makes reliable evaluation of its dynamic behavior essential for seismic safety assessment. The research combines in-situ microseismic measurements with numerical simulation to examine the consistency between experimentally identified and analytically predicted vibration parameters. Ambient vibration data were recorded using PCB Piezotronics 393B05 triaxial accelerometers and an 80-channel data acquisition system, and the signals were processed in MATLAB to determine the fundamental natural frequencies and periods of the structure in the principal directions. The measured values were 2.89 Hz and 0.34 s along the X-axis, and 2.95 Hz and 0.33 s along the Y-axis. In parallel, a three-dimensional structural model was developed in LIRA-SAPR 2022 to perform modal and seismic response analysis under permanent, live, and seismic loads. The numerical modal analysis produced a fundamental frequency of approximately 2.89 Hz, which was close to the experimentally identified values of 2.89 Hz and 2.95 Hz along the principal structural axes. The calculated displacements also remained within the allowable limits specified by KMK 2.01.03-19. Comparison of the experimental and numerical results showed close agreement, with only minor differences between the identified dynamic parameters. The findings confirm that ambient vibration testing is an effective tool for validating FEM-based models of existing buildings and can significantly improve the reliability of seismic performance assessment in earthquake-prone regions.