Proceedings of International Conference on Applied Innovation in IT  ·  2026/03/31  ·  Vol. 14  ·  Issue 1  ·  pp. 831–842
Biological Assessment of Au/ZnO Nanocomposites Produced by Pulsed Laser Ablation
Ghadeer Haithem Mustafa, Rasha Sabeeh Ahmed and Haider Ahmed Shamran
📄 Download PDF DOI: 10.25673/123644
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in the world. This shows how important it is to find advanced treatments that merely eliminate cancer cells and avoid harming the rest of the body. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles possess intrinsic anticancer characteristics through the induction of oxidative stress, while gold (Au) nanoparticles offer superior biocompatibility and plasmonic enhancement. The synergistic therapeutic potential of Au/ZnO hybrid nanocomposites, produced by clean, surfactant-free physical techniques, is still not well understood. This research produced Au/ZnO nanocomposites by pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL), yielding chemically pure nanostructures free from stabilizers or reducing agents. The TEM study confirmed the existence of spherical nanoparticles with an average size of 14.5 nm and a uniform distribution, which made it easier for cells to take them in. XRD analysis revealed significant diffraction peaks at 38.23°, 44.44°, 64.67°, and 77.67°, which correspond to the (111), (200), (220), and (311) planes of face-centered cubic (fcc) gold, indicating high crystallinity. FTIR confirmed the presence of ZnO by showing the Zn-O stretching band below 600 cm⁻¹ and UV-Vis spectroscopy confirmed it by showing the ZnO band-edge absorption and a strong surface plasmon resonance band near 530 nm. This suggests strong optical coupling and better charge separation. The Au/ZnO nanocomposites demonstrated a concentration-dependent cytotoxicity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells, resulting in a decrease in cell viability from 69.8% to 25.8%, accompanied by pronounced apoptotic morphological alterations. The enhanced anticancer efficacy is attributed to synergistic interactions between plasmonic and semiconductor materials that augment the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and trigger mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis.
Keywords
Au/Zno Nanocomposites Pulsed Laser Ablation MCF-7 Cytotoxicity FTIR UV-Vis TEM.
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