Proceedings of International Conference on Applied Innovation in IT
2025/12/22, Volume 13, Issue 5, pp.1311-1315

Reduction of the Carbon Footprint of Thermal Power Plants Through the Implementation of Energy-Efficient Technologies


Saule Kamarova, Olga Onishchenko, Gulnara Zhabalova, Elena Kuntush, Zukhra Bayassilova, Tatyana Siverskaya and Kaloyan Hristov


Abstract: The article addresses the issue of high greenhouse gas emissions in Kazakhstan, where the energy sector - primarily based on coal-fired thermal power plants - accounts for up to 80% of total emissions. Data are presented on CO₂ emission dynamics, along with the methodology for their calculation in accordance with international standards such as the GHG Protocol and ISO 14064 (Scope 1–3 categories). Special attention is given to the assessment of the carbon footprint of thermal power plants and the necessity of reducing emissions in order to meet the nationally determined contributions under the Paris Agreement. The paper highlights the worn-out condition of most power plant equipment and the resulting increase in carbon load. Modernization pathways are discussed, including improvements in thermal efficiency, the implementation of cogeneration and waste heat recovery systems, process digitalization, and the transition to cleaner types of fuel. The conclusion emphasizes that reducing the carbon footprint of thermal power plants is a key prerequisite for the sustainable development of Kazakhstan’s energy sector and requires comprehensive measures, including international investment, the deployment of renewable energy technologies, and the training of qualified personnel for the new energy industry.

Keywords: Kazakhstan, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Thermal Power Plants (Tpps), Coal-Based Energy, Carbon Footprint, Decarbonization, Energy Efficiency, Equipment Modernization, Renewable Energy Sources (RES).

DOI: Under indexing

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