Proceedings of International Conference on Applied Innovation in IT
2025/06/27, Volume 13, Issue 2, pp.479-484
Effect of Nickel Oxide on Morphological and Electrical Properties of Manganese Oxide Nanostructured Thin Films
Ali Younis Ibrahim and Faisal Ghazi Hammoodi Abstract: In this study, thin films of manganese oxide (Mn₃O₄) doped with nickel oxide (NiO) at different doping ratios (0, 1, 3, 5, and 7%) were prepared and deposited on glass slides at a temperature of 350°C using the chemical spray pyrolysis technique. Spectral analysis was performed, and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used. The SEM results show that the prepared films are spherical in shape, resembling cauliflower, and are irregular in size. This irregularity is due to the crystalline defects generated in the films. An Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS) analysis was conducted to verify the components of the prepared thin films, which allowed for the determination of the weight and atomic ratios of the elements composing the films. Regarding the electrical measurements, conductivity, resistivity, the Hall coefficient, and charge carrier concentration were determined. We note that the prepared films exhibit p-type charge carriers and that the Hall effect increases with increasing doping ratios. The Hall coefficient values increase with doping ratios and reach their highest value at 3%, while the resistivity values peak at a doping ratio of 1%. The films show low conductivity overall, with the highest conductivity value observed at 7% doping. Similarly, the mobility increases with doping and attains its highest value at 7%.
Keywords: Mn3O4 Film, Hall Effect, FE-SE, Doping Effect, EDS.
DOI: 10.25673/120520
Download: PDF
References:
- M. Belkhedkar and A. Ubale, "Physical properties of nanostructured Mn₃O₄ thin films synthesized by SILAR method at room temperature for antibacterial application," J. Mol. Struct., vol. 1068, pp. 94-100, 2014.
- M. He, L. Kang, C. Liu, Z. Lei, and Z.-H. Liu, "Layer-by-layer assembly of manganese–cobalt–nickel oxide nanosheets/graphene composite films," Mater. Res. Bull., vol. 68, pp. 194-202, 2015.
- V. Štengl, J. Bludska, F. Opluštil, and T. Němec, "Mesoporous titanium–manganese dioxide for sulphur mustard and soman decontamination," Mater. Res. Bull., vol. 46, no. 11, pp. 2050-2056, 2011.
- H. S. Al-Rikabi, M. H. Al-Timimi, and I. K. Abd, "A review of (MgO) thin films, preparation and applications," in AIP Conf. Proc., vol. 2834, no. 1, AIP Publishing, 2023.
- V. Pandey, S. Munjal, and T. Ahmad, "Optical properties and spectroscopic investigation of single phase tetragonal Mn₃O₄ nanoparticles," Mater. Today Proc., vol. 26, pp. 1181-1183, 2020.
- N. M. Karim, S. Manzoor, and N. Soin, "Unification of contemporary negative bias temperature instability models for p-MOSFET energy degradation," Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 26, pp. 776-780, 2013.
- H.-K. Rhee, I.-S. Nam, and J. M. Park, New Developments and Application in Chemical Reaction Engineering: Proc. of the 4th Asia-Pacific Chemical Reaction Engineering Symp. (APCRE’05), Gyeongju, Korea, Jun. 12–15, 2005. Elsevier, 2006.
- W. Suprun, M. Lutecki, R. Gläser, and H. Papp, "Catalytic activity of bifunctional transition metal oxide containing phosphated alumina catalysts in the dehydration of glycerol," J. Mol. Catal. A Chem., vol. 342, pp. 91-100, 2011.
- I. Kuznetsov, M. Greenfield, Y. Mehta, W. Merchan-Merchan, G. Salkar, and A. Saveliev, "Increasing the solar cell power output by coating with transition metal-oxide nanorods," Appl. Energy, vol. 88, no. 11, pp. 4218-4221, 2011.
- F. Saadati, A. Grayeli, and H. Savaloni, "Dependence of the optical properties of NiO thin films on film thickness and nano-structure," 2010.
- P. Patil and L. Kadam, "Preparation and characterization of spray pyrolyzed nickel oxide (NiO) thin films," Appl. Surf. Sci., vol. 199, no. 1-4, pp. 211-221, 2002.
- D. Dubal, D. Dhawale, R. Salunkhe, V. Fulari, and C. Lokhande, "Chemical synthesis and characterization of Mn₃O₄ thin films for supercapacitor application," J. Alloys Compd., vol. 497, no. 1-2, pp. 166-170, 2010.
- H. Y. Xu, S. L. Xu, X. D. Li, H. Wang, and H. Yan, "Chemical bath deposition of hausmannite Mn₃O₄ thin films," Appl. Surf. Sci., vol. 252, no. 12, pp. 4091-4096, 2006.
- S. C. Pang, M. A. Anderson, and T. W. Chapman, "Novel electrode materials for thin-film ultracapacitors: comparison of electrochemical properties of sol-gel-derived and electrodeposited manganese dioxide," J. Electrochem. Soc., vol. 147, no. 2, p. 444, 2000.
- C.-C. Hu and T.-W. Tsou, "Ideal capacitive behavior of hydrous manganese oxide prepared by anodic deposition," Electrochem. Commun., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 105-109, 2002.
- O. Nilsen, H. Fjellvåg, and A. Kjekshus, "Growth of manganese oxide thin films by atomic layer deposition," Thin Solid Films, vol. 444, no. 1-2, pp. 44-51, 2003.
- Y. Dai, K. Wang, J. Zhao, and J. Xie, "Manganese oxide film electrodes prepared by electrostatic spray deposition for electrochemical capacitors from the KMnO₄ solution," J. Power Sources, vol. 161, no. 1, pp. 737-742, 2006.
- S. Isber, E. Majdalani, M. Tabbal, T. Christidis, K. Zahraman, and B. Nsouli, "Study of manganese oxide thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition," Thin Solid Films, vol. 517, no. 5, pp. 1592-1595, 2009.
- T. Maruyama and S. Arai, "Electrochromic properties of cobalt oxide thin films prepared by chemical vapor deposition," J. Electrochem. Soc., vol. 143, no. 4, p. 1383, 1996.
- A. Ubale, M. Belkhedkar, Y. Sakhare, A. Singh, C. Gurada, and D. Kothari, "Characterization of nanostructured Mn₃O₄ thin films grown by SILAR method at room temperature," Mater. Chem. Phys., vol. 136, no. 2-3, pp. 1067-1072, 2012.
- A. M. Shano, A. A. Habeeb, Z. T. Khodair, and S. K. Adnan, "Effects of thickness on the structural and optical properties of Mn₃O₄ nanostructure thin films," in J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 1818, no. 1, p. 012049, 2021.
- M. H. Abdul-Allah, F. A. Ahmed, and F. G. Hammody, "Influence of gamma radiation on optical properties of (Mn₂O₃)₁₋ₓ(CuO)ₓ films," 2014.
- N. A. Bakr, "Studies on structural, optical and electrical properties of hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon (Nc-Si:H) thin films grown by hot wire-CVD for photovoltaic applications," 2010.
- M. Hakimi, H. A. Hosseini, and B. Elhaminezhad, "Fabrication of manganese dioxide nanoparticles in starch and gelatin beds: investigation of photocatalytic activity," Chem. Methodol., vol. 8, pp. 37-46, 2024.
- R. R. Prabhakar et al., "Facile water-based spray pyrolysis of earth-abundant Cu₂FeSnS₄ thin films as an efficient counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cells," ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, vol. 6, no. 20, pp. 17661-17667, 2014.
- C. Coughlan, M. Ibanez, O. Dobrozhan, A. Singh, A. Cabot, and K. M. Ryan, "Compound copper chalcogenide nanocrystals," Chem. Rev., vol. 117, no. 9, pp. 5865-6109, 2017.
- A. Hosseinian, A. R. Mahjoub, and M. Movahedi, "Low temperature synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline CdO film by using a solvothermal method without any additives," 2010.
- G. Turgut, "An investigation of Pb-contribution effect on the characteristic features of CdO films coated with a sol–gel spin coating technique," J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron., vol. 28, no. 22, pp. 16992-17001, 2017.
|

HOME

- Conference
- Journal
- Paper Submission to Journal
- For Authors
- For Reviewers
- Important Dates
- Conference Committee
- Editorial Board
- Reviewers
- Last Proceedings

PROCEEDINGS
-
Volume 13, Issue 2 (ICAIIT 2025)
-
Volume 13, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2025)
-
Volume 12, Issue 2 (ICAIIT 2024)
-
Volume 12, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2024)
-
Volume 11, Issue 2 (ICAIIT 2023)
-
Volume 11, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2023)
-
Volume 10, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2022)
-
Volume 9, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2021)
-
Volume 8, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2020)
-
Volume 7, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2019)
-
Volume 7, Issue 2 (ICAIIT 2019)
-
Volume 6, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2018)
-
Volume 5, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2017)
-
Volume 4, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2016)
-
Volume 3, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2015)
-
Volume 2, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2014)
-
Volume 1, Issue 1 (ICAIIT 2013)

PAST CONFERENCES
ICAIIT 2025
-
Photos
-
Reports
ICAIIT 2024
-
Photos
-
Reports
ICAIIT 2023
-
Photos
-
Reports
ICAIIT 2021
-
Photos
-
Reports
ICAIIT 2020
-
Photos
-
Reports
ICAIIT 2019
-
Photos
-
Reports
ICAIIT 2018
-
Photos
-
Reports
ETHICS IN PUBLICATIONS
ACCOMODATION
CONTACT US
|
|